Australia's senior infection control advisers have escalated their advice about face masks, urging those living in an increasing number of Sydney hotspots to wear a covering while in public.
The Australian Club, a private club on Macquarie Street and a favourite haunt of former prime ministers, is the latest Sydney venue to close after a staff member tested positive for COVID-19.
NSW reported 21 new COVID-19 cases on Friday. Eight people are in NSW intensive care units, up from five cases on Thursday, and four are on ventilators.
On Friday night, grocery chain Harris Farm Markets said a customer who tested positive for COVID-19 had visited its Leichhardt store between 3pm and 3.30pm on Sunday, July 26. Anyone who visited during that time and feels unwell or shows symptoms is advised to get tested.
"NSW Health has confirmed the risk of infection to customers and our team is low due to the nature of the customer's visit," a statement from Harris Farm's Co-CEOs Tristan, Luke, and Angus Harris read.
"We have also undertaken a deep clean of the store for additional peace of mind.
"Customers and team members should be assured they can continue to safely shop and work at our Leichhardt market."
Victoria experienced its second-worst day since the start of the pandemic on Friday, with 627 new cases. The state announced eight deaths on Friday, taking the national tally to 196. But Premier Daniel Andrews said he would not be enforcing harsher lockdown measures after announcing on Thursday that masks would become compulsory.
In Queensland, contract tracers have identified almost 2000 people who might have been exposed by two women who travelled to Melbourne and spent eight days mingling in Brisbane while infectious.
Olivia Muranga, 19, and Diana Lasu, 21 are facing fines of up to $13,345 and a maximum of five years behind bars after allegedly lying to health officials to avoid mandatory quarantine following their trip. Their alleged failure to isolate triggered a massive health response, with authorities bracing for the possibility of an outbreak.
Deputy Chief Medical Officer Professor Michael Kidd said people in Sydney hotspots should also consider wearing masks.
"Particularly when people are outside their homes and in areas where physical distancing may be difficult," Professor Kidd said.
"That, of course, includes when you go into the supermarket, where there's lots of people moving around and people may come closer to you than the 1.5 metres, that people should be considering wearing masks."
NSW Chief Health Officer Dr Kerry Chant also urged the community to wear a mask when unable to socially distance while NSW Health is "putting out spot fires".
The federal government's Infection Control Expert Group chair Professor Lyn Gilbert backed moves to introduce mask-wearing in areas of Sydney with signs of community transmission.
Masks were no substitute for other precautions higher up the "hierarchy of infection control", namely staying home when sick, social distancing where possible and good hand and respiratory hygiene, she said.
Professor Gilbert - also an infectious disease expert at the Marie Bashir Institute of Emerging Infections and Biosecurity - said we were in a relatively enviable position of having "a pretty good handle on where the outbreaks are, and rapidly containing them".
"It makes sense to try and limit transmissions even further by asking people to wear masks who could have been exposed and could be asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic in those areas," she said.
"I do fear, and I believe it's a plausible fear, that having a mask on can well give people a false sense of security ... but we recognise that sometimes they are not possible and a mask can be a useful supplement, particularly when community transmission is happening."
Supermarket giant Woolworths announced it would also strongly recommend customers in NSW, ACT and Queensland hotspots wear masks.
Surgical masks were "perfectly adequate" and there was no reason to believe homemade cloth masks would not offer some protection, though there was no strong evidence supporting them, Professor Gilbert said.
She warned against buying N95 masks - the high-grade masks used by hospital staff in close contact with COVID-19 patients.
The ACT government strongly advised Canberrans not to travel to Sydney except for essential reasons.
In a statement, the Australian Club said it had "decided to act with an abundance of caution" and would close until Tuesday for a clean after a staff member who had visited the Apollo restaurant in Potts Point - the epicentre of a COVID cluster - tested positive.
The staff member was at the club on Monday July 27 between 6am and 9.30am, the club said.
Founded in 1838, the club counts some of the country's highest-profile men among its members and frequenters. On Wednesday July 22, former prime minister Tony Abbott, Cardinal George Pell and former 2GB host Alan Jones reportedly had dinner at the venue.
Dr Chant revealed the two Thai Rock outbreaks in Wetherill Park and Potts Point were genomically linked, and genomic sequencing had so far linked NSW's active cases to strains in Victoria.
"We are awaiting further genome sequencing to see how that's further linked to The Apollo, and we'll update the community once that data is in hand," she told 2GB on Friday morning.
Of the 21 new cases in NSW on Friday, six were associated with The Apollo restaurant linked to the Potts Point outbreak, which also includes cases from the local Thai Rock restaurant, now includes 19 cases.
One of the 21 cases one was a person in Orange, in central-western NSW, who was linked to a known cluster in Sydney and was diagnosed on their return. "There is no need for concern in the Orange community," the local health area service said.
The Thai Rock Wetherill Park cluster in Sydney's west swelled to 94 after three new cases were linked to the Our Lady of Lebanon cluster and two are linked to the restaurant.
The owners of the Thai Rock restaurants, David and Stephanie Boyd, apologised to the public on A Current Affair but insisted they were not to blame.
"It's almost a trial by social media," Mr Boyd said.
The funeral gatherings cluster also grew to 21 cases, two cases were linked to the Mounties club in Mount Pritchard, two are in hotel quarantine and one case was acquired in Victoria.
Two cases remain under investigation, and one case was linked to another known case that remains under investigation.
People who visited businesses across Sydney suburbs including Marrickville, Crows Nest and Surry Hills were being either asked to monitor for symptoms or self isolate for 14 days after people who visited venues were later diagnosed with COVID-19.
The Darlo Bar advised a COVID-positive patron attended the venue between noon and 2pm on July 26, and a case linked to the Apollo cluster visited Harpoon and Hotel Harry in Surry Hills between 2.15pm and 11pm on July 26.
Visitors and staff at the hotel during this time must self-isolate for 14 days and get tested, NSW Health advised.
People who visited Matinee Coffee in Marrickville on the mornings of July 26 and 27 were also asked to monitor for symptoms after a confirmed case spent a short amount of time there on both days.
Rachel Clun is a journalist at The Sydney Morning Herald.
Kate Aubusson is Health Editor of The Sydney Morning Herald.
Michael Koziol is deputy editor of The Sun-Herald, based in Sydney.
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